Plate Tectonics

International and National Organisations

• International Seismological Centre (UK)
• International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (US)
• Federation of Digital Broad-Band Seismograph Networks
 
• Australian Seismological Centre
• Canadian National Seismic Network
• China Digital Seismic Network
• Czech Seismic Network
• German Regional Seismic Network

• Royal Observatory of Belgium; Seismology (Belgium)

• Canadian National Earthquake Hazards Program (Canada)
• Council of the National Seismic System (US)
• Geological Survey of Canada (Canada)
• Seismological Society of America (US)

Research Centres

• Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology: University research consortium dedicated to exploring the Earth's interior through the collection and distribution of seismographic data. (US)
 
• Global Seismographic Network.
• Programme for the Array Seismic Studies of the Continental Lithosphere.

• Italian Experimental Seismic Network: The site is mainly transcribed in English and contains a public seismic network, an event database and an informative list of Italian stations. (Italy)

• University of Washington; School of Oceanography Mid-Ocean Ridge Processes Group: Holds a varied research programme including subjects such as "Are up flow zones boundaries between adjacent hydrothermal systems? Geological and geochemical tests" and "Physical, chemical and biological consequences of diking/eruptive events at spreading centers". (US)

Data/Information Libraries

• Active Tectonics: Provides a series of seismology photographs from the North Hollywood area. Illustrates the effects caused by earthquakes upon buildings of various age and architecture.(US)
• Incorporated Research Institutes for Seismology Global Seismographic Network: Provides information about stations located on the GSN and the type and amount of data they hold. (US)
• Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (US)
 
• Seismic Monitor: An excellent interactive educational display of global seismicity that allows you to monitor earthquakes in near real-time, view records of ground motion, and visit seismic stations around the world.
• Pre-Assembled Event Information: Generates maps and text files for specific time periods on a daily basis. If the time period you seek isn't listed it is possible to use an event search utility to create maps or files of your own.

Educational/On-line courses

Photographic Essays

• Calvin J. Hamilton,Views of the Solar System Earth's Interior & Plate Tectonics: Detailed photographic essay studying the earth's interior and lithosphere and plate tectonics.Provides information on the differences between the oceanic lithosphere and the continental lithosphere. (US)
• Hunterdon Central Science Department Plate Tectonics: Detailed introductory resource discussing many varying aspects of plate tectonics such as the earth's interior, continental drift, plate movement and boundaries and earthquakes. (US)
• United States Geological Survey This Dynamic Earth: the Story of Plate Tectonics. This photographic essay discusses historical perspective, understanding plate motions and hotspots.(US)

• California Department of Conservation California has its faults...: A detailed study aid for fault classification, faults studied include strike-slip faults, dip-slip faults, reverse faults and thrust faults. (US)
• Department of Geological Sciences, California State University Tour of the Hayward Fault: Provides an illustrated brochure of the Hayward Fault, reaching from Fremont to San Pablo Bay. Illustrates the effects of the fault on specific areas through the use of historical photographs and descriptions. (US)
• Texas A&M University Big Bend National Park: Provides a virtual hike around the Chisos Basin. The fieldtrip is based on general geology, ecology and more importantly to the study of plate tectonics, structural features. (US)

• Nevada Seismological Laboratory: Provides a comprehensive lecture programme studying topics as listed below.(US)
 
• Plate Tectonics, the Cause of Earthquakes.
• Seismic Waves.
• Richter Magnitude.
• Earthquake Effects.
• Earthquake Intensities.
• Earth's Interior.

• North Dakota University Volcano World; Earth Science Lessons: (US)
 
• The Earth's Layers: An introductory photographic essay discussing topics such as the earth's crust, mantle and lithosphere. Explained using a seriesof illustrations, text and questions. Answers can be found here!
• Pangea to the Present: An introductory resource studying historical changes in plate tectonics. Not entirely specific to the study of volcanoes, but provides a broad basis for learning about the 'dynamic' nature of the earth. Explained using a series of illustrations, text and questions. Answers can be found here!
• How Plates Move: An introductory resource relating to plate boundaries, mid-ocean ridges and also subduction zones. Explained using a series of illustrations, text and questions. Answers can be found here!

Electronic Journals

• International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior Bulletin of Volcanology: Abstracts and full text versions freely available online. Full text version is available is pdf format. (Germany)
• Geotectonics: Comprehensive listing of articles published, their authors and other details. Abstracts are also provided along with subscription details. (Russia)
• National Geographic: Brief article summaries available freely, for full text versions subscription is required. (US)

Earthquakes

International and National Organisations

• International Seismological Centre (UK)
• International Association of Seismology and Physics of the Earth's Interior (US)
• Federation of Digital Broad-Band Seismograph Networks
 
• Australian Seismological Centre
• Canadian National Seismic Network
• China Digital Seismic Network
• Czech Seismic Network
• German Regional Seismic Network

• Royal Observatory of Belgium; Seismology (Belgium)

• Canadian National Earthquake Hazards Program (Canada)
• Council of the National Seismic System (US)
• Geological Survey of Canada (Canada)
• National Earthquake Information Center (US)
• Pacific Disaster Center (Hawaii)
• Seismological Society of America (US)

Research Centres

• British Geological Survey Global Seismology and Geomagnitism Group: Provides details of recent earthquakes relevant to the British isles as well as discussing the environment, earthquake monitoring and felt effects. (UK)

• Italian Experimental Seismic Network: The site is mainly transcribed in English and contains a public seismic network, an event database and an informative list of Italian stations. (Italy)
• French National Center of Scientific Research Geoscope Program: Studying the earth's internal structure and the mechanisms involved in earthquakes generation. Includes latest news, articles and data. (France)

• Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Geologic and Atmospheric Hazards Project: Assistance with developing policy, technical support, research and development, technology transfer; and finally oversight, review, assessment, and training. (US)
• University of Memphis Center for Earthquake Research and Information: Deeply involved in assessing regional earthquake hazards and the potential for earthquake damage to lifelines and critical structures throughout western Tennessee and northeastern Arkansas.(US)

Data/Information Libraries

Data Libraries

• Edinburgh University Bruce Gittings Earthquake Locator: Displays the twenty-one most recent earthquakes world-wide. Depth and magnitude are recorded along with simplistic maps referring to each earthquake location. (UK)

• Council of the National Seismic System Earthquake Catalog: Provides details on the earthquake catalogue and also opportunities to search the catalogue. By providing a latitude and magnitude, lists of specific date and characteristics such as longitude, earthquakes will be provided meeting the requirements.(US)
• National Geophysical Data Centre Natural Hazards Data: Provides a number of data facilities such as a significant earthquake database, a U.S. earthquake intensity database and a strong motion data catalogue inventory. (US)

• Active Tectonics: Provides a series of earthquake photographs from the North Hollywood area. Illustrates the effects caused by earthquakes upon buildings of various age and architecture.(US)
• Nevada Seismological Laboratory Earthquake Information: Gateway to a wealth of information, with particular reference to earthquakes in Nevada. Provides maps of earthquake events occurring throughout the US and also press releases. Also provides fault maps and earthquake location maps and also press releases under Latest Earthquakes. (US)
• United States Geological Survey (US)
 
• National Earthquake Information Center: Provides a large amount of information studying seismology in general and studies of earthquake history. Factsheets are also provided referring to seismicity of the world, the 10 largest earthquakes in the world: 1900 to 1994 and also a glossary of related terms.
• Up-to-date Earthquake Information: Holds data on the most recent earthquake events, also provides details of earthquake research and frequently asked questions on the topic.
• Seismic Data from the Center for Earthquake Research and Information: Hosts a large amount of information on recent earthquakes and also a catalogue data retrieval programme.

Educational/On-line courses

• Kaye M. Shedlock & Louis C. Pakiser Earthquakes: An introductory photographic essay discussing various earthquake characteristics; for example earthquakes in history, how earthquakes happen and volcanoes and earthquakes. (US)
• U.S. Geological Survey Earthquake: Detailed photographic essay studying various aspects of earthquakes and earthquake history such as the location of earthquakes, the nature of earthquakes and also measurement and prediction of earthquakes. (US)

• Nevada Seismological Laboratory About Earthquakes: Provides information on how to prepare for earthquakes and reduce the amount of damage, also provides a comprehensive lecture programme studying topics as listed below.(US)
 
• Plate Tectonics, the Cause of Earthquakes.
• Seismic Waves.
• Richter Magnitude.
• Earthquake Effects.
• Earthquake Intensities.
• Earth's Interior.
• Pacific Disaster Center: Provides a great source of earthquake information, but has some particularly informative and useful resources. The most useful are listed below. (Hawaii)
 
• What is an Earthquake?
• What Causes an Earthquake?
• Are Earthquakes on the Increase?
• History of the Great Earthquakes
• Glossary of Terms-Earthquakes

• Electronic Desktop Project Virtual Earthquake: Designed to introduce the concepts of how an earthquake epicenter is located and how the richter magnitude of an earthquake is determined. (US)
• Texas A&M University Big Bend National Park: Provides a virtual hike around the Chisos Basin. The fieldtrip is based on general geology, ecology and more importantly to the study of plate tectonics, structural features. (US)
• University of California, Santa Cruz Earthquakes: A detailed case study of the Loma Prieta Earthquake, California. (The location is set on the San Andreas Fault) The case study makes reference to tectonic setting and aftershock locations, technical data and many other aspects of the earthquake. (US)

Electronic Journals

• Geotectonics: Comprehensive listing of articles published, their authors and other details. Abstracts are also provided along with subscription details. (Russia)
• National Geographic: Provides a search facility under subject, author, title or keyword. Descriptions of each article published are listed, including a brief summary of the contents of each article. (US)
• New Scientist: Provides listings of all articles published and also holds a brief summary of each article's contents. (US)

Volcanology

International and National Organisations

• European Volcanological Society (Switzerland)

• UK Volcanologists Group (UK)

• Australian Geological Survey Organisation (Australia)
• Alaska Volcano Observatory (Alaska)
• Nordic Volcanological Institute (Iceland)
• Pacific Disaster Center (Hawaii)
• Volcanological Society of Japan (Japan)

Research Centres

• Centre for the Study of Active Volcanoes: Provides various courses introducing the concepts of volcanology and seismology, with particular reference to the nature of volcanology in Hawaii. The most useful resources are the image gallery and volcano news. (Hawaii)
• Michigan Technological University Volcanoes Page: Information about current global volcanic activity, research in remote sensing of volcanoes and their eruptive products and also information on hazard mitigation. (US)
• University of Tokyo Volcano Research Center: Researches magmatic processes and volcano dynamics, helping to improve the prediction of volcanic eruptions. Studies topics such as magma plumbing systems, the analysis of various data on volcanoes and also the characterization of eruptive processes. (Japan)
• University of Washington; School of Oceanography Mid-Ocean Ridge Processes Group: Holds a varied research programme including subjects such as "Are up flow zones boundaries between adjacent hydrothermal systems? Geological and geochemical tests" and "Physical, chemical and biological consequences of diking/eruptive events at spreading centers". (US)

Data/Information Libraries

Data Libraries

• Smithsonian Institute Global Volcanism Program (US)
 
• Geographic Volcano List: Provides worldwide listings of volcanoes by region. The most heavily documented volcanoes have more in-depth information attached in the listings.
• List of Holocene Volcanoes: Contains basic information for volcanoes thought to have been active in the last 10,000 years (Holocene). The data include a unique volcano number, volcano name, location, latitude and longitude, summit elevation, volcano type, status, and the time range of the last recorded eruption.
• Alphabetical Volcano List: An alphabetical listing of all Holocene volcanoes, provides information concerning each volcano and also any bulletins that have been released in connection with each volcano.
• Update on Current Volcanic Activity: Current eruptions are sorted in order of the last update on Volcano World. Details such as date of eruption or activity are listed, also the location of the activity and when the last update of this volcano was made accessible.
• World map of Current Active Volcanoes: Holds listings of volcanoes with recent activity and details each volcanoes physical characteristics.Any photographs or past reports available are also found on each volcanoes site.(US)

• Boris Benhcke Italy's Volcanoes: Provides in-depth details of Italy's volcanoes and also several of Chile's volcanoes. The site provides useful past and present descriptions and also detailed images. (Italy)
• Geological Survey of Japan The Volcanic Homepage: Provides in-depth news of current Japanese volcanic activities, volcanic photo archives and volcanic animations. (Germany)

• Michigan Technological University Soufriere Hills, Montserrat, West Indies: Provides current scientific reports, archive updates but more importantly a detailed catalogue of volcanic pictoral archives.(US)
• University of California Volcano Information Center: Provides an extremely detailed account of volcano characteristics, suitable for in-depth undergraduate studies. Discusses topics such as hazardous volcanic events, Hydrovolcanic processes and Volcano Forms. (US)
• USGS Cascades Volcano Observatory: Holds a full global volcano listing providing background information and other useful sites for studying each particular volcano. A comprehensive photo archive can also be found at this site. (US)
• USGS Hawaiian Volcano Observatory: Provides detailed volcanic information specific to Hawaiian volcanoes such as Kilauea and Mauna Loa. Descriptions of current and past volcanic activity are highly documented by researchers based at the Observatory. (US)

Images, slides and simulations

• NASA Earth Observing System, Interdisciplinary Science Investigating Volcanology: Access available to educational outreach slide sets studying topics such as volcano topography and volcanoes and volcanic hazards.(US)
• Global Volcanic and Environmental Systems; Simulation: The images and associated simulation illustrate the collapse of a volcanic column produced from a Plinian eruption of Vesuvius. The column is seen to rise by 3 km and then collapse, producing a pyroclastic flow which reaches the sea in about 5 minutes. (US)

• Calvin J. Hamilton,Views of the Solar System Earth's Interior & Plate Tectonics: Detailed photographic essay studying the earth's interior and lithosphere and plate tectonics.Provides information on the differences between the oceanic lithosphere and the continental lithosphere. (US)

• Mount St. Helens: Comprehensive historical case study detailing the impacts of Mount St. Helens on it's surrounding areas. This excellent case study also discusses characteristics before, during and after volcanic eruptions. (US)
• USGS Visit A Volcano: Illustrated brochure featuring the Cascade volcano range in Washington. Provides individual volcano information such as general information, points of interest, location maps and photographs.(US)

• NASA Classroom of the Future, Volcanoes: Provides a number of modules and activities including general volcano analysis and also in-depth case studies studying Kilauea, Yellowstone and Mount St. Helens. (US)
• North Dakota University Volcano World; Earth Science Lessons: (US)

Chapter One

• The Earth's Layers: An introductory photographic essay discussing topics such as the earth's crust, mantle and lithosphere. Explained using a seriesof illustrations, text and questions. Answers can be found here!
• Pangea to the Present: An introductory resource studying historical changes in plate tectonics. Not entirely specific to the study of volcanoes, but provides a broad basis for learning the 'dynamic' nature of the earth. Explained using a series of illustrations, text and questions. Answers can be found here!
• How Plates Move: An introductory resource relating to plate boundaries, mid-ocean ridges and also subduction zones. Explained using a series of illustrations, text and questions. Answers can be found here!
An end of chapter online test is available to assess the student's grasp on the topics studied in the above study guides. (Answers)

Chapter Two

• The Rolling Earth: An introductory photographic essay studying earthquakes. Detailing areas of volcanic interest, eg. faulting. Explained using a series of illustrations, text and questions.
• Volcanoes: Discussing volcanic activity, building volcanoes, lava domes and a wide range of other volcanic topics.
• Volcanic Terms: An introductory photographic essay discussing characteristics of volcanoes and magma flow.
An end of chapter online test is available to assess the student's grasp on the topics studied in the above study guides. (Answers)

Chapter Three

• Lava Flows and Pyroclasts: An extremely detailed photographic essay discussing volcanic characteristics such as pyroclasts, blocks and ash.
• Volcanic Cones and Eruptions: Detailed photographic essay studying eruption types, cones and various other volcanic characteristics.
• Hot Spot Volcanoes: Detailed photographic essay using Hawaii and Yellowstone as case studies to explain the 'hot spot' theory.
An end of chapter online test is available to assess the student's grasp on the topics studied in the above study guides. (Answers)
• Pacific Disaster Center Volcano Information: Provides a large and comprehensive amount of information and imagery. The most useful resources are listed below. (Hawaii)
 
• What is a Volcano?
• What Causes Volcanic Activity and Eruptions?
• What are Volcanic Related Hazards?
• What is the history of the Great and Deadliest Eruptions?
• Volcano Related Terms

Electronic Journals

• International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior Bulletin of Volcanology: Abstracts and full text versions freely available online. Full text version is available is pdf format. (Germany)

• Geological Survey of Japan Journal of the Volcanic Homepage: Detailed posters, abstracts and articles are freely available. (Japan)
• Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research: Provides author and title listings, abstracts are also freely available. Full text versions require subscription, the details of which may be found at the above address.
• National Geographic: Brief article summaries available freely, for full text versions subscription is required. (US)
• Volcanological Society of Japan Bulletin: Provide publication titles, authors and abstracts also. (Japan)
• New Scientist, Planet Science: Article Summaries are freely available, for full text format subscription is required. (US)
• USGS, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory Volcano Watch: A freely available weekly feature provided by scientists at the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory. (US)